Type-writing machine.



G. H. SMITH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLIOATION 1-11.31) ,MAY 22, 1909.

Patented Oct.18,1-9 10.

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G. H. SMITH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLIOATION- FILED MAY 22,1909.

Patented Oct-18,1910.

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INVENTUR *7 WITNEEEE5= Wf// HIEATTURNEY G. H. SMITH. 1 TYPE WBITI mommai APPLIOATION III JBD KAY 22, 1909. 973,083.

Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

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HISATTURNEY G. E. SMITH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22, 1909. I 973,083. Patented Oct. 18,1910.

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' to the frame of the machine.

UNITED sAEs A GEORGE H. SMITH, OF NUTLEY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO UNIONTYPEWRITER COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

To all whomikmay concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. SMITH, citizen of the United States, andresident of N utley, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-WritingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to typewriting machines and more particularly totype actions and to means whereby the series of type bars may receivecase shifting movements.

The main objects of my invention are to provide an eflicient and acomparatively simple mechanism of the character specified and at thesame time to provide a type action which has an easy touch andsubstantially uniform leverage throughout the system.

To the above and other ends which will hereinafter appear, my-inventionconsists in the features of construction, arrangements of parts andcombinations of devices to be set forth in the following specificationand particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical central fore andaft sectional view of one form of typewriting machine embodying myinvention, sufiicient only of the typewriting machine being shown toillustrate my invention in its embodiment therein. Fig. 2 is a verticaltransverse sectional view of the same, with parts broken away. Fig. 3 isa fragmentary sectional view corresponding to Fig. 1 but showing thetype basket shifted for upper case writing; some of the parts shown inFig. 1 being omitted. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view Fig. 5 is adiagrammatic side elevation showing portions of-two type actions, thesegment and shift links on which the latter is mounted. Fig. 6 is adetail fragmentary sectional View showing the means at one end of themachine for pivotally connecting the segment shift-frame Fig. 7 is adetail transverse sectional view through one of the pivot joints betweenthe segmentand the shift-frame.

Heretofore' great difliculty has been encountered in providing aneflicient frontmovements and the type bars were actuated by a forwardpull from devices situated forward of the type bar segment. In myapplication Serial No. 47 9,859

end as at 9 to hangers 22 secured to a which type bars restructionprovides a simpler and more efii- I cient mechanism.

The frame of the machine comprises a base 1, corner posts 2 and a topplate 3. The platen 4, diagrammatically shown in Figs. 1 and 3, ismounted in a suitable carriage to move from side to side of the machineover the top plate, the carriage receiving a stepby-step letter-spacemovement at each actuation of a printing key or space key. Key levers 5are fulcrumed on a fulcrum plate 6 secured to and depending from thebase 1 of the machine. Each key lever is pivotally connected at 7 to anupwardly extending link 8 which in turn is pivoted at its upper asubstantially horizontally disposed sub-lever 10 or 10 of the firstorder which extends longitudinally fore and aft of the machine. Thesub-levers are pivoted at 11 to a hanger 12 secured by screws 13 to asegment 14 fixed by screws 15 to a cross bar 16 preferably forming partof the base 1 of the machine. The hangers l2 and sub-levers 10 and 10are arranged in two concentric series and in staggered relation as shownin the drawings. The hangers 12 are all vertically disposed and eachseries of sub-levers is arranged in an are that is substantiallycoextensive with the arc in which the type bars are mounted as willhereinafter more clearly appear.

Extending rearwardly longitudinally fore and aft of the machine and fromthe sublevers 10 is a series of parallel or substantially parallel pulllinks 17 pivoted at 18 to the sub-levers 10 and pivotally connected attheir rear ends as at 19, to type bars 20, which latter are pivoted at21 to type bar substantially vertical shiftable type bar segment 23. Thehangers 22 are secured to the segment by screws 24 and are radiallydisposed as indicated in Fig. 2. The type bars extend forwardly and aresupported at their free ends on a type pad 25 seated in a segmentalsupporting member 26 secured at the forward ends of arms or rods 27which at their rear ends are secured by nuts 28'to the type bar segment.The sub-levers .10 are likewise connected to parallel pull links 17which extend upwardly and rearwardly from the sub-levers to which theyare pivoted at 29, the rear ends of the links 17 a being pivotallyconnected at 30 to type bars 20 pivoted at 21 to type bar hangers 22. Itwlll be seen that the type bars 20 and :20 are arranged in two sets ontwo sets of concentrically arranged staggered hangers 22 and 22 and thatthe pivots 21 and 21 of the type bars have the 45 arrangement indicatedby the dotted line a in order that the free ends of the type bars mayall project .to and terminate at substantially the same transversevertical plane, although the type bars of the two series are ofdifferent lengths. The type bar actuating links and sub-levers arearranged in two concentric series beneath the system of type bars.

Each type bar has a type block 31 provided with a conical stem 32received in a corresponding opening in the type bar. The lower-case type33 is situated directly above the type bar and above the stem 32, bywhich the type block is'connected to the bar, so that the lower casetype is above and in the plane of movement of the bar. Each upper casetype 34 is off-set forwardly from its companion lower case type. By thisarrangement the most often used, lower case types on each bar aredirectly above and in the plane of movement of the bar so that there isno cranking whatever on these most frequently used tvpes, whereas theupper case types 34, which are not so frequently used, are off-set andsuch cranking as there may be will occur on the least frequently usedtypes. It will be understood that the type bars are all segmentallyarranged and strike upwardly and rearwardly against the front face ofthe platen.

The construction thus far described is not materially different fromthat employed in the No. 10 Remington machine.

.T he type bar segment 23 is pivotally connected at 35 to the rear endsof substantially horizontally disposed shift links 36, the forward endsof said links being pivoted at 37 to depending bracket arms 38 securedto the top plate of the machine. The links 36 are connected to the upperportion of the segment at opposite sides thereof and while these linksare curved as indicated in Fig. 1 they constitute in effect slightlyinclined parallel links as will be understood by reference to the dottedline b in Fig. 1 which passes through the pivotal points of connectionof said links. It will likewise be seen that'these links are parallelwith the type bar actuating links 17 and 17 as will be understood from acomparison of the lines I), c and (Z in Fig. 1 and from an inspection ofthe diagrammatic View shown in Fig. 5.

Parallel arms or shift links 39 (Figs. 1 and 4) are pivoted at theirforward ends on pivot screws 40 threaded through tapped openings inupright brackets or supports 41 (Fig. 6) formed integral with the crossbar 16 and with the base 1 of the machine. Each of the pivot screws issecured in.its adjusted position by a lock nut 42 and passes freelythrough a bearing opening 43 (Fig. 4) in the companion arm or link. Across bar 44 unites the links or arms 39 so as to form with the arms arigid shift frame pivoted at 40 to the frame of the machine. The rearends of the arms 39 are provided with outwardly extending pivot pins orscrews 45 which pass freely through openings in the arms 39 and arereceived at their threaded ends in tapped openings in depending arms 46(Fig. 7) of the type bar segment, the pins being secured againstaccidental dis lacement by lock nuts 47. The pins 45 pro ect outwardlybeyond the arms 39 and into recesses 48 formed in the upwardly extendingarms or brackets 41. Set screws 49 and 50 extend at their free ends inopposite directions toward the pivot ins 45, two of the set screws orscrew stops 49 and 50 being associated with each pivot pin 45. The screwstops are threaded through tapped openings in arms 51 formed on thebrackets 41 and lock nuts 52 and 53 are employed to secure the screwstops against accidental displacement.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that the pivot pins45 not only constitute means for pivotally connecting the arm 39 to thetype bar segment but likewise constitute stops which coiiperate with thescrew stops 49 and 50 to limit the shifting movements of the segment.

Each of the arms 39 is provided with a depending rigidly connected arm54, to which one end of a contractile spring 55 is secured, its oppositeend being connected to a depending pin 56 which rojects downwardly fromthe base 1 o the machine. The power of the springs 55 is thus exerted tonormally maintain the type bar segment in the elevated position as shownin Fig. 1. From this figure it will be seen that the elevated positionof the segment is the normal position in which the lower case types 33strike the platen, whereas, when the segmentis moved downwardly, to theposition shown in Fig. 3, the type bars are shifted to a position wherethe upper case types 34 will strike the platen. Shift key levers 57 arepivoted on the fulcrum bar 6 and are connected to upwardly extendinglinks 58. The upper ends of these links are received in openings 59 inthe arms 39 so that a depression on either of the shift keys 60, whichare situated at opposite sides of the machine, is effective to move thesegment downwardly to change from the lower to the upper case position.

From an inspection of Figsfl and 5 it will be seen that the shift links39 are parallel with each other and are parallel with the shift links 36and the type bar actuating links 17 and 17. This will be made asindicated by the dotted line. f. It will apparent by a comparison of thelines I), c, d and c in Fig. 1. It will likewise be understood from aninspection of Figs. 1 and 5 and from the dotted lines f and g in F ig. 5that the shift links 36 and 39'and the type bar actuating links 17 and17*" not alone are parallel and always remain parallel, but that theyare all of substantially the same length and the shift links 36 and 39are pivoted at their forward ends to the frame of the machine forward ofthe type bar segment in substantially the same vertical transverse planethat the "pivotal points of connection between the type bar actuatinglinks 17 and their sub-levers are situated in,

also be seen that the rear ends of the shift links 36 and 39 are pivotedin substantially the same vertical transverse plane that the pivotalpoints of connection between the type bar actuating links and the typebars are situated in, as indicated by the dotted line 9 in Fig. 5. Byreason of this construction and arrangement of the parts a comparativelysimple and efficient means is provided for effecting a downward movementof the segment in orderto shift the type basket from the lower to theupper case position without changing the effective relation between thedifferent parts and the type bar actuating means. Thus it will beunderstood that when a shift key 60 is depressed the type bar segment ismoved'downwardly from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that indicated inFig. 3 and that the effective relation of the type bar actuating meansill both of these positions is the same. This change of the position ofthe type bar segment, the shift links 36 and 39 and the links 17 and 17is indicated in the diagrammatic view shown in Fig. 5. From this view itwill be seen that during the shift of the case links 36 and 39 from thefull to the dotted line positions the type bar actuating links .movewith the segment around the forward pivotal ends 18 and 29 which connectthem with the sub-levers l0 and 10, whereas the sub-levers themselves,the links 8 and the key levers remain at rest. It will also be seen thatduring the case shifting movements of the parts the pivotal points 35,19, 30 and 41 describe co-extensive or substantially co-extensive arcsh, i, j and 7.: respectively. There is no lost motion between the partsof the type bar actuating mechanism in either the upper or lower caseposition of the type bar segment and there is no movement of the typeactuating members carried by the frame of the machine, iwtwithstandingthe fact that all of the parts of the type actions are positivelyconnected. Moreover, it will be seen that the type actions are such asto provide an accelerated motion of each type bar in its approach to theprinting position as may be readily understood from a comparison of thefour different positions ofthe key indicated at Z, m, n and 0 in Fig. 1with the positions of the type bars at p, Q, '1' and s which show therespective amounts of movement given the-bar at periods in thedepression of the key shown. It will be understood therefore that asoft,easy touch 1s provided at the initial portion of the stroke, giving agradual acceleration to the type bar as it approaches the printingposition. Moreover, it will be understood that a uniform orsubstantially uniform leverage is provided throughout the system, andthatthere is a direct fore and aft pull exerted on the type bars andthat all side strain is avoided in the side actions.

From certain aspects of my invention it is immaterial whether or not thetype bar re ceives a case shifting movement or whether vor not thecharacter of the type action is such as to afford such a case shift ofthe type bar, although the main object of my invention is to provide aneflicient type action in which the type basket receives a type shiftingmovement.

Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scopeof my invention.

Vhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1 In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a. platen, aseries of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking typebars, a type bar segment on which said type bars are mounted,

actuating links connected to said type bars and extending upwardly andrearwardly and having a longitudinal disposition fore and aft of themachine, sub-levers of the first order which extend longitudinally foreand aft of the machine and which are carried by a fixed portion of themachine and are pivotally connected to said links, key levers,

links which extend upwardly from said key levers to the sub-levers, andcase shifting means for effecting a substantially vertical case shiftingmovement of the segment.

2. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, aseries of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly strikingtypebars, a type bar segment on which said type bars are mounted,substantially parallel actuating links connected to said type bars andextending longitudinally fore and aft of the machine, key actuatedsub-levers of the first order which extend longitudinally fore and aftof the machine and which are carried by a fixed portion of the machineand are pivotally connected to said substantially parallel links, andease shifting means for effecting a substantially vertical ease shiftingmovement of the segment, said'case shifting means comprising parallelshift links which are also parallel with said-actuating links and remainparallel therewith during the case ment on which said type bars aremounted,

substantially parallel actuating links connected to said type bars andextending longitudinally fore and aft of the machine, key actuatedsub-levers which extend longitudinally fore and aft of the machine andwhich are carried by a fixed portion of the machine and are pivotallyconnected to said substantially, parallel links, and case shifting meansfor effecting a substantially vertical case shifting movement of thesegment, said case shifting means comprising parallel shift links whichare also parallel with said actuating links and are mounted to turn onpivots forward of the type bar segi'nent, the rear ends of the actuatinglinks moving with the segment in its case shifting movements and thelinks turning during such movements on the pivots which connect themwith said sub-levers.

4. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, aseries of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking typebars, a type bar segment on which said type bars are mounted, actuatinglinks connected to said type bars and extending longitudinally fore andaft of the machine, key actuated sub-levers which extend longitudinallyfore and aft of the machine and which are carried by a fixed portion ofthe machine and are pivotally attached directly to said links, and caseshift links on which said segment is mounted for substantially verticalcase shifting movements, said case shift links being of substantiallythe same length as the said actuating links.

5. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

- the combination of a platen, a series of segmentally arranged upwardlyand rearwardly striking type bars, a type bar segment on which said typebars are mounted, actuating links connected to said type bars andextending upwardly and rearwardly and having a longitudinal dispositionfore and aft of the machine, sub-levers of the first order which extendlongitudinally fore and aft of the machine and which are carried by afixed portion of the machine and are pivotally connected to said links,key levers, links which extend upwardly from said key levers to thesub-levers, and parallel case shift links on which said segment ismounted for substantially vertical case shifting movements, said caseshift links being of substantially the same length as the said actuatinglinks, the rear ends of the actuating links moving with the segment inits case shifting movements and the links turning during such movementson the pivots which connect them with saidsub-levers a 6. In afront-strike typewriting machine,

the combination of a platen, a series of se mentally arranged upwardlyand rearwar y striking type bars, a'segment on which said type bars aremounted, a set of actuating links extending to said type bars andextending fore and aft of the machine beneath the type bars, a set ofsub-levers pivoted to a fixed art of the machine and plvotally connectedto said, links, said sub-levers likewise extending fore and aft of themachine beneath the type bars,key levers, links which extend from saidkey levers to said sub-levers, and case shifting means for effecting acase shifting movement of said segment.

7. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, aseries of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking typebars, a segment on which said type bars are mounted, a set ofsubstantially parallel actuating links connected to said type bars andextending fore and aft of the machine beneath the type bars, a set ofsublevers pivoted to a fixed part of the machine and pivotally connectedto said links, said sub-levers likewise extending fore and aft of themachine beneath the type bars, key

levers, links which extend from said key levers to said sub-levers, andcase shifting means for effecting a case shifting movement of saidsegment, the rear ends of the actuating links moving with the segment inits case shitting movements and the links turning during such movementson the pivots which connect them with said sub-levers.

8. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, aseries of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking typebars, a segment on which said type bars are mounted, a set'of actuatinglinks connected to said type bars and extenda ing fore and aft of themachine beneath the type bars, a set of sub-levers pivoted to a fixedpart of the machine and pivotally connected to said links, saidsub-levers likewise extending fore and aft of the machine beneath thetype bars, key levers, links which extend from said key levers to saidsub-levers, and case shifting means for effecting a case shiftingmovement of said segment around a pivotal center which is forward ofsaid segment.

t). In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen,a series of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking typebars, a segment on which said type bars are mounted, a set ofsubstantially parallel actuating links connect ed to said type bars andextending fore and aft. of the machine beneath the type bars. a set ofsub-levers pivoted \to a fixed part of the machine and pivotallyconnected to said links, said sub-levers likewise extendtype bars, keylevers,

'stantially ing fore and aft of the machine beneath the links whichextend from said'key levers to said sub-levers, and case shifting meansfor effecting a case shiftin movement of said segment, the rear ends 0the actuating links moving with the segment in its case shiftingmovements and the links turning during such movements on the pivotswhich connect them with said sub-levers, said case shifting meanscomprising parallel shift links on which the se ment is shifted, saidshift links corresponding in length to the actuating links.

10. In .a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen,a. series of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking typebars, a segment on which said type bars are mounted, a set ofsubstantially parallel actuating links connected to said type bars andextending fore and aft of the machine beneath the type bars, a set ofsub-levers pivoted to a fixed part of the machine and pivotallyconnected to said links, said sub-levers likewise extending fore and aftof the machine beneath the type bars, key levers, links which extendfrom said key levers to said sub-levers, and

case shifting means for effecting a case shifting movement of saidsegment, the rear ends of the actuating links moving with the segment inits case shifting movements and the links turning during such movementson the pivots which connect them with said sub-levers, said caseshifting means comprising parallel shift links on which the segment isshifted, said shift links being subparallel with and corresponding inlength to the actuating links.

11. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen,a series of segmentally arranged upwardly and rear wardly striking typebars, a segment on which said type bars are mounted, a set ofsubstantially parallel actuating links connected to said type bars andextending fore and aft of the machine beneath the type bars, a set ofsub-levers pivoted to a fixed part of the machine and pivotallyconnected to said links, said sub-levers likewise extending fore and aftof the machine beneath the type bars, key levers, links which extendfrom said key levers to said sub-levers, and case shifting means foreffecting a case shifting movement of said segment, the rear ends of theactuating links moving with the segment in its case shifting movementsand the links turning during such movements on the pivots which connectthem with said sub-levers, said case shifting means comprising parallelshift links on which the segment is shifted, said shift links beingsubstantially parallel with and corresponding in length to the actuatinglinks and mounted to turn around pivots which are forward of the typebar segment.

12. in a front-strike typewriting machine,

the combination of a series ofsegmentally arranged upwardly andrearwardly striking type bars,'a segment on which said type bars aremounted, a series of key actuated levers, a series of actuating linksthat extend fore and aft of the machine and are pivoted to and connectsaid type bars and levers, and case sift links which extend fore and aftof the machine and on which said segment is mounted and adapted ingmovements, the rear pivots of said case shift links being substantiallyin the same transverse vertical plane as the ivotal connections betweenthe actuating llnks and the type bars and the forward pivots of theshift links being in substantially the same vertical transverse plane asthe pivotal connections between the key actuated levers and actuatinglinks.

13. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of arrangedupwardly and rearwardly striking type bars, a segment on which said typebars are mounted, a series of key actuated levers, a series of parallelactuating links that extend fore and aft of the machine and are pivotedto and connect said type bars and levers, and parallel case shift linkswhich extend fore and aft of the machine and on which said segment ismounted and adapted to receive said shifting movements, the shift linksbeing parallel with the actuating links and the rear pivots of said caseshift links being substantially in the same transverse vertical plane asthe pivotal connections between the actuating links and the type barsand the forward pivots of the shift links being in substantially thesame vertical transverse plane as the pivotal connections between thekey actuated levers and actuating links.

14. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a serlesof segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking type bars, asegment on which said type bars are mounted, a series of key actuatedlevers, a series of actuating links that extend fore and aft of themachine and are pivoted to and connect said type bars and levers, andcase shift links which extend fore and aft of the machine and on whichsaid segment is mounted and adapted to receive case shifting movements,the rear ends of said case shift links being pivoted'to the segment,which pivots are substantially in the same transverse vertical plane asthe pivotal connections between the actuating links and the type barsand the forward ends of the shift links being mounted on fixed pivots,which fixed pivots are in substantially the same vertical transverseplane as the pivotal connections between and actuating links.

15. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

to receive case shifta series of segmentally the key actuated levers twhich pivots the combination of a series 'of segmentally arrangedupwardly and rearwardly striking type bars, a segment on which said typebars are mounted, a series of key actuated levers, a series of arallelactuating links that extend fore and aft of the nachme and are pivotedto and connect said type bars and levers, and parallel case shift linkswhich extend fore and aft of the machine and on which said segment ismounted and adapted to receive case shifting movements, the shift linksbeing parallel with the actuating links and the rear ends of said case lshift links being pivoted to the segment, are substantially in the sametransverse vertical plane as the pivotal connections between theactuating links and the type bars and the forward ends of the shiftlinks being mounted on fixed pivots, which fixed pivots are insubstantially the same vertical transverse plane as the pivotalconnections between the key actuating levers and actuating links.

16. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a seriesof key actuated devices including a series of substantially parallelactuating links, a series of type bars connected to said links and eachhaving a lower case type situated directly over the bar and an uppercase type off-set from the bar forwardly of the lower case type, ashiftable segment normally maintained in the elevated position, and caseshifting meansv for moving the segment downward to provide for uppercase writing, said case shifting means including case shifting links onwhich the segment is mounted and which are substantially parallel withsaid actuating links. a

17. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a seriesof key actuated levers, a series of substantially parallel actuatinglinks connected with said levers, a series of type bars to which thelinks are connected, each of said type bars having a lower case typesituated directly over the bar and an upper case type ofi-set from thebar forwardly of' the lower case type, a

1 sliiftable segment normally maintained in the elevated position, andcase shifting means for moving the segment downward to provide for uppercase writing, said case shift ing means comprising substantiallyparallel shift links on which the segment is mounted and which aresubstantially parallel with 1 said actuating links and are pivoted attheir forward ends to a fixed portion of the mal chine. 18. In afront-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a serles of keyactuated levers, a series of substantially parallel actuating linksconnected with said levers, a series of type bars to which the links areconnected, each of said type bars having a l lower case type situateddirectly over the l bar and an upper case type off-set from the barforwardly of the lower case type, a shiftable segment normallymaintained in the elevated position, and case shifting means for movingthe segment downward to provide for upper case writing, said case lshifting means comprising substantially l parallel shift links on whichthe segment is l mounted and which are substantially parallel with saidactuating links and are pivoted at their forward ends to a fixed portionof the machine, the shift links being substantially horizontallydisposed and being pivotedat their forward ends in substantially thesame vertical transverse plane that the points of pivotal connectionbetween the actuating links and the key actuated levers are situated inand pivoted at their rear ends in substantially the same verticaltransverse plane as the points of pivotal connection between the shiftlink and the segment.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county ofNew York, and State of New York this 19th day of May, A. D. 1909.

GEORGE H. SMITH.

CHARLES E. SMITH,

\ Witnesses:

J. B. Dnnvns.

